How to haiku: translating the wonder of nature into words

Every year when winter fades, my mind turns to sunshine, flowers, and poetry. Many poets feel the same way – we tire of snowy evenings and move forward into all things growing and green. 

What is haiku?

One form of poetry that focuses on nature by design is haiku. Japanese poets have been writing haiku since the 16th century, and poets still use it today to reflect on encounters with nature. 

Haiku is not as simple as it looks, but it is still a good entry point to writing poetry. Children and adults who are intimidated by the challenges of writing poetry don’t have to worry about rhyme, rhythm, or lengthy stanzas when composing haiku. There is freedom within the structure.  

The Academy of American Poets describes haiku like this:

A traditional Japanese haiku is a three-line poem with seventeen syllables, written in a 5/7/5 syllable count. Often focusing on images from nature, haiku emphasizes simplicity, intensity, and directness of expression.

The rules of haiku can be held loosely. Think of them more like suggestions, but do not stray too far. 

You can write haiku

Are you ready to write? Here is some guidance for composing Haiku: 

1. Choose a topic 

What catches your attention in nature? Is it animals, plants, or natural forces? Step outside and observe using all five senses. (Well, maybe not taste.) Poetry is everywhere. 

Stay in present tense 

Haiku happens in the moment. Do not reminisce or project when you write -- if you include verbs in your haiku, avoid past or future tenses. 

2. Remember the structure 

Classic haiku contains three lines and 17 syllables. The syllables are usually split between the lines in a five/seven/five pattern, but not always. 

3. Read it out loud

How does it sound? This is a good time to recount your syllables. Does your haiku evoke the image you’re aiming for? 

4. Revise your haiku 

Good poems are born during revision. Take out words that are redundant or clunky. In poetry, every word counts. The shorter the poem, the more crucial that is. 

6. Share with someone 

Whether written or read out loud, poetry deserves to be shared. Use your words to share the beauty you have experienced.  

Here is mine: 

ripples on the pond 

echo of dragonfly wings 

through reflected sun 

Would you like to learn more? Visit the Haiku Society of America to delight in haiku, connect with other poets, and learn more about this subtle art form.